(source operand) and stores the result in the destination Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Congo, Democratic Republic, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cτte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast), Croatia (Hrvatska), Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic

Chapter : Assembly Commands operand(fund funding ship shipping). The destination operand is an implied operand located in register AL, AX or EAX (depending on the size of the operand); the source operand is located in a general- purpose register or a memory location(fund funding ship shipping). The result is stored in register AX, register pair DX:AX, or register pair EDX:EAX (depending on the operand size), with the high-order bits of the product contained in register AH, DX, or EDX, respectively(fund funding ship shipping). If the high-order bits of the product are , the CF and OF flags are cleared; otherwise, the flags are set(fund funding ship shipping). (fund funding ship shipping).(fund funding ship shipping). DIV: Unsigned Divide Divides (unsigned) the value in the AX register, DX:AX register pair, or EDX:EAX register pair (dividend) by the source operand (divisor) and stores the result in the AX (AH:AL), DX:AX, or EDX:EAX registers(fund funding ship shipping). The source operand can be a general-purpose register or a memory location(fund funding ship shipping). The action of this instruction depends on the operand size, as shown in the following table: Operand Size Dividend Divisor Quotient Remainder Word/byte AX r/m AL AH Doubleword/word DX:AX r/m AX DX Quadword/doubleword EDX:EAX r/m EAX EDX ^ - Non-integral results are truncated (chopped) towards (fund funding ship shipping). The remainder is always less than the divisor in magnitude(fund funding ship shipping). Overflow is indicated with the #DE (divide error) exception rather than with the CF flag(fund funding ship shipping). (fund funding ship shipping).(fund funding ship shipping). MOV: Move Copies the second operand (source operand) to the first operand (destination operand)(fund funding ship shipping). The source operand can be an immediate value, general-purpose register,

Chapter : Assembly Commands East Timor, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Falkland Islands, Faroe Islands, Fiji, Finland, France, French Guiana, French Polynesia, French Southern Territories, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Gibraltar, Greece, Greenland, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guam, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Heard and McDonald Islands, Honduras, Hong Kong segment register, or memory location; the destination register can be a general-purpose register, segment register, or memory location(fund funding ship shipping). Both operands must be the same size, which can be a byte, a word, or a doubleword(fund funding ship shipping). The MOV instruction cannot be used to load the CS register(fund funding ship shipping). Attempting to do so results in an invalid opcode exception (#UD)(fund funding ship shipping). To load the CS register, use the far JMP,

e operand must be a valid segment selector(fund funding ship shipping). In protected mode, moving a segment selector into a segment register automatically causes the segment descriptor information associated with that segment selector to be loaded into the hidden (shadow) part of the segment register(fund funding ship shipping). While loading this information, the segment selector and segment descriptor information is validated (see the “Operation” algorithm)(fund funding ship shipping). The segment descriptor data is obtained from the GDT or LDT entry for the specified segment selector(fund funding ship shipping). A null segment selector (values -) can be loaded into the DS, ES, FS, and GS registers without causing a protection exception(fund funding ship shipping). However, any subsequent attempt to reference a segment whose corresponding segment register is loaded with a null value causes a general protection exception (#GP) and no memory reference occurs(fund funding ship shipping). Loading the SS register with a MOV instruction inhibits all interrupts until after the execution of the next instruction(fund funding ship shipping). This operation allows a stack pointer to be loaded into the ESP register with the next instruction (MOV ESP, stack-pointer value) before an interrupt occurs (fund funding ship shipping). The LSS instruction offers a more efficient method of loading the SS and ESP registers(fund funding ship shipping). When operating in -bit mode and moving data between a segment register and a general-purpose register, the Intel Architecture -bit processors do not require the use of the -bit operand-size prefix (a byte with the value H) with this

Chapter : Assembly Commands instruction, but most assemblers will insert it if the standard form of the instruction is used (for example, MOV DS, AX)(fund funding ship shipping). The processor will execute this instruction correctly, but it will usually require an extra clock(fund funding ship shipping). With most assemblers, using the instruction form MOV DS, EAX will avoid this unneeded H prefix(fund funding ship shipping). When the processor executes the instruction with a -bit general-purpose register, it assumes that the least-significant bits of the general-purpose register are the destination or source operand(fund funding ship shipping). If the register is a destination operand, the resulting value in the two high-order bytes of the register is implementation dependent(fund funding ship shipping). For the Pentium Pro processor, the two high-order bytes are filled with zeros; for earlier -bit Intel Architecture processors, the two high order bytes are undefined(fund funding ship shipping). NOTE: In a sequence of instructions that individually delay interrupts past the following instruction, only the first instruction in the sequence is guaranteed to delay the interrupt, but subsequent interrupt-delaying instructions may not delay the interrupt(fund funding ship shipping). given in the rest of these notes have to point to the directory that you’ve used for the installation(fund funding ship shipping). Click Next(fund funding ship shipping).

Chapter : Using the Debugger Select all four installation options(fund funding ship shipping). You may want to skip demonstration files if you like (or help files and online books)(fund funding ship shipping). A full installation will occupy approximately MB of hard disk space(fund funding ship shipping). Click Next(fund funding ship shipping). Unless you are completely sure about your graphic display and selecting it and testing it is successful, leave the default VGA adapter(fund funding ship shipping). Note that it is wise to press the Test button even if you leave the default VGA adapter checked(fund funding ship shipping). Monochrome card/monitor should be left unchecked, while the Universal Video Driver should remain checked(fund funding ship shipping). Click Next(fund funding ship shipping). Do not select a mouse device yet; this can be done later(fund funding ship shipping). However, if you do select a mouse driver, please make sure that you make the right selection(fund funding ship shipping). Click Next(fund funding ship shipping). Now, the installation process requires permission to modify your autoexec(fund funding ship shipping).bat file(fund funding ship shipping). You should grant this permission by leaving the first option checked(fund funding ship shipping). SoftIce will insert a couple of important lines in your autoexec(fund funding ship shipping).bat file so that SoftIce can be loaded at Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Korea (north), Korea (south), Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macao, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Martinique, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montserrat, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, startup(fund funding ship shipping). Click Next twice(fund funding ship shipping). The installation will copy all necessary (and selected) files onto your disk(fund funding ship shipping). After this procedure is finished, you’ll be prompted to register SoftIce(fund funding ship shipping). Select the last option (register later) and press Next(fund funding ship shipping). A message might appear prompting you to install Adobe Acrobat reader(fund funding ship shipping). If you don’t have this program, you’ll need it in order to read SoftIce’s manual(fund funding ship shipping). However, since you are reading these lecture notes you have it, therefore you will skip this message by pressing OK(fund funding ship shipping). You have to restart your system(fund funding ship shipping). Note that the startup process will be different now(fund funding ship shipping). Windows loader starts SoftIce (so does ntldr for windows NT/)(fund funding ship shipping). When your windows startup, press CTRL+D to test your installation(fund funding ship shipping). If everything was successful, SoftIce window will popup and your Windows will freeze(fund funding ship shipping). Press CTRL+D to dismiss SoftIce and proceed to the eads each time it starts(fund funding ship shipping). New Caledonia, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norfolk Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestinian Territories, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Pitcairn, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Qatar, Rιunion, Romania, Russian Federation, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia and Montenegro, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, (fund funding ship shipping).(fund funding ship shipping). Resizing Panels Open SoftIce (press CTRL+D)(fund funding ship shipping). Type lines(fund funding ship shipping). On the bottom line, you’ll see a help line, explaining you what this command does(fund funding ship shipping). Press space once(fund funding ship shipping). You’ll then see what parameters the lines command accepts(fund funding ship shipping). I’ve used (fund funding ship shipping). Experiment with all the numbers you see(fund funding ship shipping). Then, if you want to make your changes final (remain the same each time SoftIce is running), go to notepad, where the winice(fund funding ship shipping).dat file is, and save this setting: INIT="X;" is replaced by INIT="lines ;" Save your changes in notepad(fund funding ship shipping). In order to change the number of columns in the window, the process is the same, but the command used is width(fund funding ship shipping). So, type width and SoftIce will tell you what width does(fund funding ship shipping). Press space and you’ll get the range of settings

SoftIce has a lot of panels, which are all configurable(fund funding ship shipping). That is, you can hide or unhide each one of them and of course resize them, with or without the help of your Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tokelau, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States of America, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Virgin Islands (British), Virgin Islands (US), Wallis and Futuna Islands, Western Sahara, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe